15 Agustus 2012

Rahasia CAPTCHA



CAPTCHA adalah suatu bentuk uji tantangan-tanggapan (challenge-response test) yang digunakan dalam perkomputeran untuk memastikan bahwa jawaban tidak dihasilkan oleh suatu komputer. CAPTCHA biasanya digunakan juga untuk memastikan apakah yang berinteraksi itu adalah manusia atau sebuah program otomatis.

Istilah CAPTCHA berasal dari kata “capture” yang berarti menangkap, yang diciptakan pada tahun 2000 oleh Luis von Ahn, Manuel Blum, Nicholas J. Hopper (semua dari Carnigie Mellon University) dan John Longford (IBM). Istilah ini adalah akronim dari bahasa Inggris yaitu “Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart” (Uji Turing Terotomatisasi Penuh untuk membedakan Komputer dan Manusia).


Carniege Mellon University berupaya untuk mematenkan istilah ini, tapi ternyata aplikasi merk dagang mereka dibatalkan pada tanggal 21 April 2008. Saat ini pencipta CAPTCHA menganjurkan untuk menggunakan reCAPTCHA sebagai penerapan resmi.

Pada intinya, CAPTCHA terdiri atas dua buah kata, cukup ketikkan satu kata yang terlihat unik. Nah, berikut ini beberapa rahasia dan sistem kerja CAPTCHA.

1] Kata yang Hurufnya Tidak Jelas

Dari gambar di atas, kata yang benar adalah kata yang berbayang (nuoteoc) dan juga sulit untuk dibaca. Sedangkan kata yang jelas terbaca (persecuting) adalah sebuah kata dummy.

2] Kata yang Tidak Terbaca Sama Sekali 

Cukup ketik kata satunya yang terbaca saja (hurprow). Biasanya, jumlah huruf berkisar antara 6-8 huruf per kata.

3] Kata yang Didalamnya Terdapat Unsur Angka

Meskipun kata dari gambar di atas jelas dan dapat terbaca, tapi jika seluruh atau sebagian adalah berupa angka, maka itu adalah kata dummy. Maka, ketikkan kata yang sama sekali tidak ada atau tidak mengandung angka.

4] Kata yang Terdapat Tanda Baca atau Simbol

Meskipun katanya jelas terbaca, tapi jika terdapat tanda baca atau simbol seperti koma (,) , titik dua (:) , tanda kutip (“ “) , dash (-) , titik (.) , atau simbol-simbol lainnya, maka itu adalah dummy. Ketiklah kata yang hanya terlihat “bersih” tanpa ada tanda baca sama sekali.

5] Kedua Kata Dapat Dibaca 

Jika ada satu kata yang hanya terdiri dari 3 atau sampai 4 huruf saja, sedangkan kata lainnya jauh lebih panjang, maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa kata yang lebih sedikit hurufnya adalah dummy.


6] Kata maupun Huruf Semua Terlihat Valid dan Jumlah Kedua Huruf Hampir Sama

Pilihlah kata yang tidak umum, yaitu kata yang aneh dan sangat asing terdengar.
Seperti contoh di atas, citizen berarti warga negara, sedangkan ureter adalah kata yang tidak memiliki arti sama sekali.


7] Kata-Kata CAPTCHA Non-Case Sensitive

Anda bisa mengetikkan kata dengan bebas, artinya abaikan ukuran hurufnya, apakah hurufnya besar atau kecil. Pada contoh di atas, penulisan kode CAPTCHA yang bercampur antara huruf besar dan huruf kecil tetap dianggap benar, dengan catatan huruf yang diketikkan itu adalah benar dan tepat.


8] Toleransi Kesalahan Input CAPTCHA

Maksimal 1 huruf yang hilang (tllrupa ditulis) akan dianggap benar. Pada contoh di atas, tulisan yang diketik adalah “xpaten” dan menghilangkan huruf “t” dari kata sebenarnya yang bertuliskan “xpatent”. Ternyata kata tersebut tetap dianggap benar.


46 komentar:

Catcil mengatakan...

Hehe kadang suka kesel juga kalau berkali-kali salah masukin kodenya

Irda Handayani mengatakan...

@Catcil : sammmmaaaa :p

Ilham mengatakan...

katanya lebih baik mengisi kedua katanya. karena kata yang bukan diharuskan itu berasal dari manuskrip2 lama seperti naskah shakespeare dsb. lalu dimasukkan dalam captcha supaya google bisa membaca dan mendigitalisasi manuskrip2 kuno yang sudah hampir punah. jadi istilahnya kita membantu gugel melestarikan manuskrip bersejarah. tapi emang sih lebih mudah mengisi satu kata aja. hihihi.

Irda Handayani mengatakan...

@Ilham : waaahhhh... baru tau mimin kalau ada manfaat yang super duper keren seperti ini :D
Baiklah, kalau begitu tidak boleh bete lagi kalau mengisi kode captcha :)
Terima kasih atas informasinya ^^

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kalo ada huruf arap ato pecahan dihiraukan ya?

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